FAIL-SAFE -- Design in which power supply, control
or structural failure leads to automatic operation of protective device;
normally shut down of the burner.
A characteristic of a particular type of actuator, which upon loss of power
supply will act in a predetermined way, i.e., cause the valve plug to fully
close, fully open or remain in fixed position.
FATIGUE -- The tendency of a material to break under repeated
strain.
FEEDWATER PUMP -- A pump that supplies water to a boiler.
FEEDWATER -- The water supplied to the boiler to
replace the steam that has been used. Water that enters the drum from the
feedline. Usually hot, it may consist of a mixture of condensate and makeup
water.
FEEDWATER INJECTOR -- It forces water into a boiler against
the boiler pressure by means of a steam jet.
FEEDWATER TREATMENT -- The treatment of boiler
feedwater by the addition of chemicals to prevent the formation of scale or to
eliminate other objectionable characteristics.
FEU -- Maritime abbreviation for "forty-foot equivalent
unit" which refers to a container that is 40 feet in length (12.2 meter),
8 feet wide (2.4 meter), and a little over 8 feet high. See
TEU
FIRE BARS -- The grate that supports the fuel in the firebox
so that air for combustion can be drawn through it.
FIREBOX -- The furnace of the boiler.
FIRE-TUBE BOILER -- A type of boiler design in which
combustion gases flow inside the tubes and water flows outside the tubes.
FLAME DETECTOR -- A device which indicates if a fuel is
burning, or if ignition has been lost. The indication signal is normally
transmitted to a control system.
FLAREBACK -- A backfire of flame and hot gases into a ship's
fireroom from the firebox caused by a fuel oil explosion in the firebox.
FLASH BOILER -- A monotube boiler in which the feed
water evaporates to steam immediately in the tube.
FLUE GAS -- The gaseous product of combustion in the flue to
the stack. This stream is commonly kept at an elevated temperature to avoid
condensation in flue stack.
FLY ASH -- A fine ash from the pulverized fuel burned in power
stations, used in brick-making and as a partial substitute for cement in
concrete.
FOAMING -- A condition that occurs when an organic substance,
usually oil, is floating on the surface of the water in a boiler. Foaming is
generally indicated in the gauge glass by large swings in water level.
FORCED CIRCULATION -- The circulation of water in a
boiler by means of an external pump.
FORCED-DRAFT FAN -- A fan supplying air under pressure to the
burner.
FPSO -- Floating Production, Storage and Offloading.
FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION -- A heat dependent process used to
separate a substance into pure fractions.
FSO -- Floating Storage and Offloading.
FUEL OILS -- Oils obtained as residues in the distillation of
petroleum; used, either alone or mixed with other oils, for domestic heating
and for furnace firing (particularly marine furnaces); also as fuel for
internal combustion engines.
FUEL-TO-STEAM EFFICIENCY -- The ratio of heat added to boiler
feedwater to produce the output steam to the amount of energy inputted with
fuel.
FULLY CONDENSING FURNACE -- A furnace designed with sufficient
heat transfer surface to condense moisture from the flue products, thereby
increasing furnace efficiency.
FUNNEL -- The chimney of a boiler. Convection within it
induces a draught through the firebox.
FURNACE -- An enclosed space provided for the combustion of
fuel.
FUSIBLE PLUG -- A hollowed threaded plug having the hollowed
portion filled with a low melting point material used, for example, in the
crown of a boiler firebox. If the water level falls below them the metal in the
plug melts and steam is dumped into the firebox to prevent serious overheating
of the plates.
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